SOURCES

1. A provisional database for the silicon content of foods in the United Kingdom.
   J. Powell et al
   British J. Nutrition ( 2005 ), 94: 804 - 812
   
   
2. Determination of the silicon content of food
   H. Bowen and A. Peggs
   J. Sci of Food & Agric. ( 1984 ) & 35 : 1225 – 9
   
   
3. Determination of daily dietary silicon intake in Belgium
   H. Deelstra et al
   Proceedings of Euro Food Chem. VIII . Current status and Future Trends in Anal. Food Chem. Vol 3
   ( 1995 ) : 608 – 11
   
   
4. Dietary intake data from the FDA total diet study, 1991 – 1997.
   Food and Nutrition Board Institute of Medicine
   In : Dietary Reference Intakes of Vitamin A, Vitamin K, Arsenic, Boron, Chromium, Copper, Iodine, Iron, Magnesium, Molybdenium, Nickel, Silicon and Vanadium
   ( 2000 ) : 670 – 1
   Natural Academic Press, Washington DC.
   
   

BIO-AVAILABILITY AND ABSORPTION

1. The silicon content of beer and its bio-availability in healthy volunteers.
   S. Sripanyakorn et al
   British Journal of Nutrition
   ( 2004 ) 91 : 403 – 9
   
   
2. Dietary silicon intake and absorption.
   R. Jugdaohsingh et al
   Am. J. Clin. Nutr. ( 2002 ) 71 : 944 – 9
   
   
3. Absorption of silicon in healthy subjects
   M. Calomme et al
   In : Metal Ions in Biology and Medicine
   ( 1998 ) : 228 – 32
   ( P Collery, et al, eds )
   John Libby Eurotext, Paris
   
   
4. Bio-availability of silicon from food and food supplements.
   K. Van Dyck et al
   Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. ( 1999 ) 363 : 541 – 544
   
   

HEALTH

BONE - OSTEOPOROSIS

1. Partial Prevention of Long-Term Femoral Bone Loss In Aged Ovariectomized Rats Supplemented with Choline – Stabilized Orthosilicic Acid.
   M. Calomme et al
   Calcif. Tissue Int. ( 2006 ) 78 : 227 – 232
   
   
2. Dietary Silicon and bone health
   S. Sripanyakorn et al
   Br. Nutr. Foundation Nutrition Bulletin ( 2005 ) 30 : 222 – 230
   
   
3. Effect on bone turnover and BMD of low dose oral silicon as an adjunct to calcium/vitamin D3 in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
   T. Spector et al
   J. Bone Miner. Res. ( 2005 ) 20 ( Suppl 1 ) : S172
   
   
4. Dietary silicon intake is positively associated with bone mineral density in men and pre-menopausal women of the Framingham offspring cohort.
   J. Jugdaohsingh et al
   J. Bone Miner Res (2004) 19 : 297 – 307
   
   
5. Dietary silicon affects bone turnover differently in ovariectomized and sham-operated growing rats.
   F. Nielsen and R. Poellot
   J. Trace Elem Exp Med. (2004) 17 : 137 – 149
   
   
6. Orthosilicic acid stimulates collagen type I synthesis and osteoblastic differentiation in human osteoblast-like cells in vitro.
   D. Reffitt et al
   Bone (2003) 32 : 127 – 135
   
   
7. Effect of choline stabilized orthosilicic acid on bone density in chicks
   M. Calomme et al
   Calcif Tissue Int. (2002) 70 : 292
   
   

BRAIN – ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

1. Non-invasive therapy to reduce the body burden of aluminium in Alzheimer’s disease.
   C. Exley et al
   Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (2006) 10 : 17 - 24
   
   
2. Severe cerebral congophilic angiopathy coincident with increased concentrations of aluminium content in the brain, in a resident of Camelford, Cornwall, UK.
   C. Exley and M. Esiri
   J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry (20 April 2006) published on line.
   
   
3. Disturbance of cerebral function in people exposed to drinking water with aluminium sulphate : retrospective study of the Camelford water incident.
   P. Altmann et al
   British Med. Journal (1999) 319 : 807 – 11
   
   
4. Synergistic effects of iron and aluminium on stress-related gene-expression in primary human neural cells.
   P. Alezandrov et al
   Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (2005) 8 : 117 – 127
   
   
5. Nanomolar aluminium induces pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic gene-expression in human brain cells in primary culture.
   W. Lukiw et al
   Journal Inorganic Biochem. (2005) 99 : 1895 – 1898
   
   
6. Elevated urinary excretion of aluminium and iron in multiple sclerosis.
   C. Exley et al
   Multiple Sclerosis (2006) published on line
   
   
7. Cognitive impairment and composition of drinking water in women : findings of the EPIDOS Study.
   S. Gillette – Guyonnet et al
   Am. J. Clin. Nutr. (2005) 81 : 897 - 902
   
   

HEART – ARTHEROSCLEROSIS

1. Reported antiatherosclerotic activity of silicon may reflect increased endothelial synthesis of heparan sulfate proteoglycans
   M. F. McCarty
   Med. Hypotheres 1977 Aug ; 49 (2) : 175 – 6
   
   
2. ( Silicon, a trace element essential for living organism. Recent knowledge on its preventive role in atherosclerotic process, aging and neoplasms )
   ( Article in Italian )
   A. Mancinella
   Clim Ter. 1991 Jun 15 ; 137 (5) : 343 – 50
   
   
3. The antiatheromatous action of silicon
   J. Loeper et al
   Atherosclerosis . 1979 Aug ; 33 (4) : 397 – 408
   
   
4. Inverse relation of silicon in drinking water and atherosclerosis in Finland
   K. Schwarz et al
   Lancet 1977 Mar 5 ; 1 (8010) : 538 – 9
   
   
5. Silicon, Fibre and Atherosclerosis
   K. Schwarz
   Lancet, 1977 Feb 26 ; 1 : 454 – 457
   
   
6. ( Action of silicon on lipid metabolism )
   ( Article in Italian )
   P. de Franciscis et al
   Boll Soc Ital Biol Sper. 1974 May 15 ; 50 (9) : 577 - 81
   
   

SKIN, HAIR, NAILS – BEAUTY, ANTI-AGING

1. Effect of oral intake of choline stabilized orthosilicic acid on skin, nails and hair in women with photo-damaged skin.
   A. Barel et al
   Arch. Dermatol Res (2005) 297 : 147 – 153
   
   
2. Supplementation of calves with stabilized orthosilicic acid. Effect on the Si, Ca, Mg, and P concentrations in serum and the collagen concentration in skin and cartilage.
   M. Calomme and D. Vanden Berghe
   Biol. Trace Elem Res. (1997) 56 : 153 – 165
   
   
3. Colloidal silicic acid for oral and topical treatment of aged skin, fragile hair and brittle nails in females.
   A. Lassus
   J. Int. Med. Res. (1993) 21 9$0 : 209 - 215
   
   
4. Colloidal silicic acid for the treatment of psoriatic skin lesions, arthropathy and onychopathy. A pilot study.
   A. Lassus
   J. Int. Med. Res. (1997) 25 (4) : 206 - 209
   
   
5. ( The influence of orthosilicon acid on traumatic edema of the skin. Introduction.)
   ( Article in Polish )
   J. Klempous et al
   Polim Med. (1998) 28 (3-4) : 71 - 4